beta-carotene

1,3,3-trimethyl-2-[(1E,3E,5E,7E,9E,11E,13E,15E,17E)-3,7,12,16-tetramethyl-18-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexen-1-yl)octadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-nonaenyl]cyclohexene

A carotenoid that is a precursor of VITAMIN A. It is administered to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (PORPHYRIA, ERYTHROPOIETIC). (From Reynolds JEF(Ed): Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia (electronic version). Micromedex, Inc, Engewood, CO, 1995.)

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PubChem MeSH terms: Vitamins



Source SMILES: standardizedunstandardized
Compound:
Screen ID SGTC_2670
Screen concentration 100.0 μM
Source Microsource (Natural product library)
PubChem CID 5280489
SMILES CC1=C(C(CCC1)(C)C)C=CC(=CC=CC(=CC=CC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC2=C(CCCC2(C)C)C)C)C
Standardized SMILES CC(=CC=CC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC2=C(C)CCCC2(C)C
Molecular weight 536.8726
ALogP 12
H-bond donor count 0
H-bond acceptor count 0
Response signature

Pool Growth Kinetics
% growth inhibition (Het. pool) 2.47
% growth inhibition (Hom. pool) -3.6


HIP profile

Heterozygous deletion strains
Scale: fixedexpanded
Heterozygous profile for 5280489
Download HIP data (tab-delimited text)  (excel)

HOP profile

Homozygous deletion strains
Scale: fixedexpanded
Homozygous profile for 5280489
Download HOP data (tab-delimited text)  (excel)
Gene:AHC1(YOR023C)|FD-Score:3.29|P-value:5.04E-4||SGD DESC:Subunit of the Ada histone acetyltransferase complex, required for structural integrity of the complex Gene:CAR2(YLR438W)|FD-Score:-3.18|P-value:7.37E-4||SGD DESC:L-ornithine transaminase (OTAse); catalyzes the second step of arginine degradation, expression is dually-regulated by allophanate induction and a specific arginine induction process; not nitrogen catabolite repression sensitive; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress Gene:DDC1(YPL194W)|FD-Score:3.11|P-value:9.21E-4||SGD DESC:DNA damage checkpoint protein; part of a PCNA-like complex required for DNA damage response, required for pachytene checkpoint to inhibit cell cycle in response to unrepaired recombination intermediates; potential Cdc28p substrate; forms nuclear foci upon DNA replication stress Gene:GLC8(YMR311C)|FD-Score:3.26|P-value:5.56E-4||SGD DESC:Regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 1 (Glc7p); involved in glycogen metabolism and chromosome segregation; proposed to regulate Glc7p activity via conformational alteration; ortholog of the mammalian protein phosphatase inhibitor 2; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress Gene:HNT3(YOR258W)|FD-Score:-3.67|P-value:1.20E-4||SGD DESC:DNA 5' AMP hydrolase involved in DNA repair; member of the histidine triad (HIT) superfamily of nucleotide-binding proteins; homolog of Aprataxin, a Hint related protein that is mutated in individuals with ataxia with oculomotor apraxia; relative distribution to nuclear foci decreases upon DNA replication stress Gene:HUT1(YPL244C)|FD-Score:3.19|P-value:7.06E-4||SGD DESC:Protein with a role in UDP-galactose transport to the Golgi lumen, has similarity to human UDP-galactose transporter UGTrel1, exhibits a genetic interaction with S. cerevisiae ERO1 Gene:MAP1(YLR244C)|FD-Score:-3.21|P-value:6.54E-4||SGD DESC:Methionine aminopeptidase, catalyzes the cotranslational removal of N-terminal methionine from nascent polypeptides; function is partially redundant with that of Map2p Gene:MRH1(YDR033W)|FD-Score:3.17|P-value:7.64E-4||SGD DESC:Protein that localizes primarily to the plasma membrane; also found at the nuclear envelope; the authentic, non-tagged protein is detected in mitochondria in a phosphorylated state; MRH1 has a paralog, YRO2, that arose from the whole genome duplication Gene:SVF1(YDR346C)|FD-Score:-3.37|P-value:3.74E-4||SGD DESC:Protein with a potential role in cell survival pathways, required for the diauxic growth shift; expression in mammalian cells increases survival under conditions inducing apoptosis; mutant has increased aneuploidy tolerance Gene:TGL5(YOR081C)|FD-Score:3.54|P-value:2.00E-4||SGD DESC:Bifunctional enzyme with triacylglycerol lipase and lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase activity; involved in triacylglycerol mobilization; localizes to lipid particles; potential Cdc28p substrate Gene:URM1(YIL008W)|FD-Score:4.4|P-value:5.29E-6||SGD DESC:Ubiquitin-like protein involved in thiolation of cytoplasmic tRNAs; receives sulfur from the E1-like enzyme Uba4p and transfers it to tRNA; also functions as a protein tag with roles in nutrient sensing and oxidative stress response Gene:VBA4(YDR119W_p)|FD-Score:3.26|P-value:5.59E-4||SGD DESC:Protein of unknown function with proposed role as a basic amino acid permease based on phylogeny; GFP-fusion protein localizes to vacuolar membrane; physical interaction with Atg27p suggests a possible role in autophagy; non-essential gene Gene:VHS3(YOR054C)|FD-Score:-3.12|P-value:8.96E-4||SGD DESC:Negative regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 1 Ppz1p and also a subunit of the phosphopantothenoylcysteine decarboxylase (PPCDC; Cab3p, Sis2p, Vhs3p) complex, which catalyzes the third step of coenzyme A biosynthesis Gene:VPS35(YJL154C)|FD-Score:3.11|P-value:9.37E-4||SGD DESC:Endosomal subunit of membrane-associated retromer complex required for retrograde transport; receptor that recognizes retrieval signals on cargo proteins, forms subcomplex with Vps26p and Vps29p that selects cargo proteins for retrieval; interacts with Ypt7p Gene:WHI2(YOR043W)|FD-Score:3.58|P-value:1.69E-4||SGD DESC:Protein required, with binding partner Psr1p, for full activation of the general stress response, possibly through Msn2p dephosphorylation; regulates growth during the diauxic shift; negative regulator of G1 cyclin expression Gene:YCR023C(YCR023C)|FD-Score:3.19|P-value:7.04E-4||SGD DESC:Vacuolar membrane protein of unknown function; member of the multidrug resistance family; YCR023C is not an essential gene Gene:YDR008C(YDR008C_d)|FD-Score:4.3|P-value:8.48E-6||SGD DESC:Dubious open reading frame unlikely to encode a protein, based on available experimental and comparative sequence data Gene:YGR035C(YGR035C_p)|FD-Score:3.14|P-value:8.34E-4||SGD DESC:Putative protein of unknown function, potential Cdc28p substrate; transcription is activated by paralogous transcription factors Yrm1p and Yrr1p along with genes involved in multidrug resistance Gene:AHC1(YOR023C)|FD-Score:3.29|P-value:5.04E-4||SGD DESC:Subunit of the Ada histone acetyltransferase complex, required for structural integrity of the complex Gene:CAR2(YLR438W)|FD-Score:-3.18|P-value:7.37E-4||SGD DESC:L-ornithine transaminase (OTAse); catalyzes the second step of arginine degradation, expression is dually-regulated by allophanate induction and a specific arginine induction process; not nitrogen catabolite repression sensitive; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress Gene:DDC1(YPL194W)|FD-Score:3.11|P-value:9.21E-4||SGD DESC:DNA damage checkpoint protein; part of a PCNA-like complex required for DNA damage response, required for pachytene checkpoint to inhibit cell cycle in response to unrepaired recombination intermediates; potential Cdc28p substrate; forms nuclear foci upon DNA replication stress Gene:GLC8(YMR311C)|FD-Score:3.26|P-value:5.56E-4||SGD DESC:Regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 1 (Glc7p); involved in glycogen metabolism and chromosome segregation; proposed to regulate Glc7p activity via conformational alteration; ortholog of the mammalian protein phosphatase inhibitor 2; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress Gene:HNT3(YOR258W)|FD-Score:-3.67|P-value:1.20E-4||SGD DESC:DNA 5' AMP hydrolase involved in DNA repair; member of the histidine triad (HIT) superfamily of nucleotide-binding proteins; homolog of Aprataxin, a Hint related protein that is mutated in individuals with ataxia with oculomotor apraxia; relative distribution to nuclear foci decreases upon DNA replication stress Gene:HUT1(YPL244C)|FD-Score:3.19|P-value:7.06E-4||SGD DESC:Protein with a role in UDP-galactose transport to the Golgi lumen, has similarity to human UDP-galactose transporter UGTrel1, exhibits a genetic interaction with S. cerevisiae ERO1 Gene:MAP1(YLR244C)|FD-Score:-3.21|P-value:6.54E-4||SGD DESC:Methionine aminopeptidase, catalyzes the cotranslational removal of N-terminal methionine from nascent polypeptides; function is partially redundant with that of Map2p Gene:MRH1(YDR033W)|FD-Score:3.17|P-value:7.64E-4||SGD DESC:Protein that localizes primarily to the plasma membrane; also found at the nuclear envelope; the authentic, non-tagged protein is detected in mitochondria in a phosphorylated state; MRH1 has a paralog, YRO2, that arose from the whole genome duplication Gene:SVF1(YDR346C)|FD-Score:-3.37|P-value:3.74E-4||SGD DESC:Protein with a potential role in cell survival pathways, required for the diauxic growth shift; expression in mammalian cells increases survival under conditions inducing apoptosis; mutant has increased aneuploidy tolerance Gene:TGL5(YOR081C)|FD-Score:3.54|P-value:2.00E-4||SGD DESC:Bifunctional enzyme with triacylglycerol lipase and lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase activity; involved in triacylglycerol mobilization; localizes to lipid particles; potential Cdc28p substrate Gene:URM1(YIL008W)|FD-Score:4.4|P-value:5.29E-6||SGD DESC:Ubiquitin-like protein involved in thiolation of cytoplasmic tRNAs; receives sulfur from the E1-like enzyme Uba4p and transfers it to tRNA; also functions as a protein tag with roles in nutrient sensing and oxidative stress response Gene:VBA4(YDR119W_p)|FD-Score:3.26|P-value:5.59E-4||SGD DESC:Protein of unknown function with proposed role as a basic amino acid permease based on phylogeny; GFP-fusion protein localizes to vacuolar membrane; physical interaction with Atg27p suggests a possible role in autophagy; non-essential gene Gene:VHS3(YOR054C)|FD-Score:-3.12|P-value:8.96E-4||SGD DESC:Negative regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 1 Ppz1p and also a subunit of the phosphopantothenoylcysteine decarboxylase (PPCDC; Cab3p, Sis2p, Vhs3p) complex, which catalyzes the third step of coenzyme A biosynthesis Gene:VPS35(YJL154C)|FD-Score:3.11|P-value:9.37E-4||SGD DESC:Endosomal subunit of membrane-associated retromer complex required for retrograde transport; receptor that recognizes retrieval signals on cargo proteins, forms subcomplex with Vps26p and Vps29p that selects cargo proteins for retrieval; interacts with Ypt7p Gene:WHI2(YOR043W)|FD-Score:3.58|P-value:1.69E-4||SGD DESC:Protein required, with binding partner Psr1p, for full activation of the general stress response, possibly through Msn2p dephosphorylation; regulates growth during the diauxic shift; negative regulator of G1 cyclin expression Gene:YCR023C(YCR023C)|FD-Score:3.19|P-value:7.04E-4||SGD DESC:Vacuolar membrane protein of unknown function; member of the multidrug resistance family; YCR023C is not an essential gene Gene:YDR008C(YDR008C_d)|FD-Score:4.3|P-value:8.48E-6||SGD DESC:Dubious open reading frame unlikely to encode a protein, based on available experimental and comparative sequence data Gene:YGR035C(YGR035C_p)|FD-Score:3.14|P-value:8.34E-4||SGD DESC:Putative protein of unknown function, potential Cdc28p substrate; transcription is activated by paralogous transcription factors Yrm1p and Yrr1p along with genes involved in multidrug resistance

Click on Significant Values for Strain Details

Top 15 HET fitness defect scores (HIP)

Download all HIP Data (tab-delimited text)  (excel)
Deletion Strain FD score P-value Clearance Gene Gene Description
YLR438C-A3.344.16E-40.63LSM3Lsm (Like Sm) protein; part of heteroheptameric complexes (Lsm2p-7p and either Lsm1p or 8p): cytoplasmic Lsm1p complex involved in mRNA decay; nuclear Lsm8p complex part of U6 snRNP and possibly involved in processing tRNA, snoRNA, and rRNA; protein increases in abundance and relocalizes from nucleus to cytoplasmic foci upon DNA replication stress
YDR211W2.710.003330.02GCD6Catalytic epsilon subunit of the translation initiation factor eIF2B; eIF2B is the guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for eIF2; activity subsequently regulated by phosphorylated eIF2; first identified as a negative regulator of GCN4 expression; forms cytoplasmic foci upon DNA replication stress
YLR007W2.690.003530.00NSE1Component of the SMC5-SMC6 complex; this complex plays a key role in the removal of X-shaped DNA structures that arise between sister chromatids during DNA replication and repair
YLR029C2.690.003560.01RPL15ARibosomal 60S subunit protein L15A; binds to 5.8 S rRNA; homologous to mammalian ribosomal protein L15, no bacterial homolog; RPL15A has a paralog, RPL15B, that arose from the whole genome duplication
YNR043W2.680.003670.36MVD1Mevalonate pyrophosphate decarboxylase, essential enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of isoprenoids and sterols, including ergosterol; acts as a homodimer
YAL003W2.320.010200.06EFB1Translation elongation factor 1 beta; stimulates nucleotide exchange to regenerate EF-1 alpha-GTP for the next elongation cycle; part of the EF-1 complex, which facilitates binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosomal A site
YPL117C2.260.011800.06IDI1Isopentenyl diphosphate:dimethylallyl diphosphate isomerase (IPP isomerase), catalyzes an essential activation step in the isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway; required for viability
YPL242C2.200.013800.01IQG1Essential protein required for determination of budding pattern; promotes localization of axial markers Bud4p and Cdc12p and functionally interacts with Sec3p, localizes to the contractile ring during anaphase, member of the IQGAP family; relocalizes from bud neck to cytoplasm upon DNA replication stress
YMR001C2.200.014000.05CDC5Polo-like kinase with multiple functions in mitosis and cytokinesis through substrate phosphorylation, also functions in adaptation to DNA damage during meiosis; has similarity to Xenopus Plx1 and S. pombe Plo1p; possible Cdc28p substrate
YHR036W2.150.015800.00BRL1Essential nuclear envelope integral membrane protein identified as a suppressor of a conditional mutation in the major karyopherin, CRM1; homologous to and interacts with Brr6p, a nuclear envelope protein involved in nuclear export
YNL267W2.150.015900.02PIK1Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase; catalyzes first step in the biosynthesis of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-biphosphate; may control cytokinesis through the actin cytoskeleton
YDL221W_d2.130.016500.01YDL221W_dDubious open reading frame unlikely to encode a protein, based on available experimental and comparative sequence data; partially overlaps the 3' end of essential gene CDC13
YOR206W2.120.016900.02NOC2Protein that forms a nucleolar complex with Mak21p that binds to 90S and 66S pre-ribosomes, as well as a nuclear complex with Noc3p that binds to 66S pre-ribosomes; both complexes mediate intranuclear transport of ribosomal precursors
YKR068C2.100.017800.03BET3Hydrophilic protein that acts in conjunction with SNARE proteins in targeting and fusion of ER to Golgi transport vesicles; component of the TRAPP (transport protein particle) complex
YOR250C2.080.019000.01CLP1Component of the cleavage and polyadenylation factor I (CF I); CF 1, composed of the CF 1A complex (Rna14p, Rna15p, Clp1p, Pcf11p) and Hrp1, is involved in cleavage and polyadenylation of mRNA 3' ends; involved in both the endonucleolyitc cleavage and polyadenylation steps of mRNA 3'-end maturation

Top 15 HOM fitness defect scores (HOP)

Download all HOP Data (tab-delimited text)  (excel)
Deletion Strain FD score P-value Gene Gene Description
YIL008W4.405.29E-6URM1Ubiquitin-like protein involved in thiolation of cytoplasmic tRNAs; receives sulfur from the E1-like enzyme Uba4p and transfers it to tRNA; also functions as a protein tag with roles in nutrient sensing and oxidative stress response
YDR008C_d4.308.48E-6YDR008C_dDubious open reading frame unlikely to encode a protein, based on available experimental and comparative sequence data
YOR043W3.581.69E-4WHI2Protein required, with binding partner Psr1p, for full activation of the general stress response, possibly through Msn2p dephosphorylation; regulates growth during the diauxic shift; negative regulator of G1 cyclin expression
YOR081C3.542.00E-4TGL5Bifunctional enzyme with triacylglycerol lipase and lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase activity; involved in triacylglycerol mobilization; localizes to lipid particles; potential Cdc28p substrate
YOR023C3.295.04E-4AHC1Subunit of the Ada histone acetyltransferase complex, required for structural integrity of the complex
YMR311C3.265.56E-4GLC8Regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 1 (Glc7p); involved in glycogen metabolism and chromosome segregation; proposed to regulate Glc7p activity via conformational alteration; ortholog of the mammalian protein phosphatase inhibitor 2; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress
YDR119W_p3.265.59E-4VBA4_pProtein of unknown function with proposed role as a basic amino acid permease based on phylogeny; GFP-fusion protein localizes to vacuolar membrane; physical interaction with Atg27p suggests a possible role in autophagy; non-essential gene
YCR023C3.197.04E-4YCR023CVacuolar membrane protein of unknown function; member of the multidrug resistance family; YCR023C is not an essential gene
YPL244C3.197.06E-4HUT1Protein with a role in UDP-galactose transport to the Golgi lumen, has similarity to human UDP-galactose transporter UGTrel1, exhibits a genetic interaction with S. cerevisiae ERO1
YDR033W3.177.64E-4MRH1Protein that localizes primarily to the plasma membrane; also found at the nuclear envelope; the authentic, non-tagged protein is detected in mitochondria in a phosphorylated state; MRH1 has a paralog, YRO2, that arose from the whole genome duplication
YGR035C_p3.148.34E-4YGR035C_pPutative protein of unknown function, potential Cdc28p substrate; transcription is activated by paralogous transcription factors Yrm1p and Yrr1p along with genes involved in multidrug resistance
YPL194W3.119.21E-4DDC1DNA damage checkpoint protein; part of a PCNA-like complex required for DNA damage response, required for pachytene checkpoint to inhibit cell cycle in response to unrepaired recombination intermediates; potential Cdc28p substrate; forms nuclear foci upon DNA replication stress
YJL154C3.119.37E-4VPS35Endosomal subunit of membrane-associated retromer complex required for retrograde transport; receptor that recognizes retrieval signals on cargo proteins, forms subcomplex with Vps26p and Vps29p that selects cargo proteins for retrieval; interacts with Ypt7p
YBR286W3.040.00119APE3Vacuolar aminopeptidase Y, processed to mature form by Prb1p
YNL148C3.010.00132ALF1Alpha-tubulin folding protein, similar to mammalian cofactor B; Alf1p-GFP localizes to cytoplasmic microtubules; required for the folding of alpha-tubulin and may play an additional role in microtubule maintenance

GO enrichment analysis for SGTC_2670
No biological processes are significantly enriched (FDR < 0.1).

No protein complexes are significantly enriched (FDR < 0.1).

Coinhibitory screens
Download Coinhibition data (tab-delimited text)  (excel)

Correlation pval Screen ID Condition Source PubChem
CID		 Tanimoto
Score		 Response
Signature
0.1032.61E-15SGTC_1972st070201 17.4 μMTimTec (Natural product derivative library)28290990.0405405
0.0961.52E-13SGTC_1697st025554 27.7 μMTimTec (Natural product derivative library)12695190.0461538
0.0952.83E-13SGTC_2678equilin 100.0 μMMicrosource (Natural product library)32470.101449
0.0953.31E-13SGTC_1090132-0036 33.7 μMChemDiv (Drug-like library)672740.0454545
0.0936.37E-13SGTC_5423381-0244 89.3 μMChemDiv (Drug-like library)11128430.0555556
0.0938.37E-13SGTC_13812324-0066 62.1 μMChemDiv (Drug-like library)108859280.0641026
0.0921.30E-12SGTC_1801486-1293 102.8 μMChemDiv (Drug-like library)41405360.0519481
0.0911.99E-12SGTC_2669eugenol 100.0 μMMicrosource (Natural product library)33140.0517241
0.0912.86E-12SGTC_2642cholecalciferol 100.0 μMMicrosource (Natural product library)98214650.131579
0.0913.14E-12SGTC_2650prasterone 100.0 μMMicrosource (Natural product library)167592470.109375
0.0872.03E-11SGTC_29399044578 71.4 μMChembridge (Drug-like library)26536340.0506329
0.0863.61E-11SGTC_2555cholic acid 100.0 μMMicrosource (Natural product library)67086570.0740741
0.0864.41E-11SGTC_21976588183 93.1 μMChembridge (Fragment library)8841360.0571429
0.0855.14E-11SGTC_5231934-0222 13.7 μMChemDiv (Drug-like library)13615950.0294118
0.0855.52E-11SGTC_14823346-2049 8.5 μMChemDiv (Drug-like library)38268040.0641026

Screens with compounds having similar structures
Screen ID Chemical Concentration Tanimoto Score PubChem ID Source Molecular Weight AlogP H-bond
donor
count		 H-bond
acceptor
count		 Response
Signature
SGTC_2646retinol96.75 μM0.780488445354Microsource (Natural product library)286.45165.31611
SGTC_1117retinoic acid1.11 μM0.761905444795TimTec (Natural product library)300.435125.55112
SGTC_2519cryptotanshinone88.04 μM0.169231160254Microsource (Natural product library)296.36033.76103heme biosynthesis & mitochondrial translocase
SGTC_6564090-1979187 μM0.15789522330961ChemDiv (Drug-like library)393.607926.6102
SGTC_2749bexarotene57.39 μM0.1582146Miscellaneous348.477926.40512
SGTC_2625euphol100 μM0.1333336708538Microsource (Natural product library)426.71748.11911
SGTC_2536dehydroabietamide32.04 μM0.1323533983547Microsource (Natural product library)299.450364.76211
SGTC_2623humulene100 μM0.1320756187145Microsource (Natural product library)204.351065.03500
SGTC_2642cholecalciferol100 μM0.1315799821465Microsource (Natural product library)384.637667.75511
SGTC_255413-methyl-4,4-bisnor-8,11,13-podocarpatrien-3-one66.67 μM0.1311486708561Microsource (Natural product library)228.32943.65701